Cargo securing in containers [German version]


General cargo securing rules
Cargo securing components in the container
Cargo securing aids





General cargo securing rules


Cargo stowed in containers must be secured on all sides to prevent shifting, in particular towards the door. Spaces between packages and/or container walls must be filled. Secure the cargo by using the lashing points provided on the top and bottom side rails and on the corner posts. Containers should be packed and cargo secured in accordance with guidelines for packing cargoes other than bulk cargo in or on cargo transport units (CTUs) for carriage by any means of transport at sea and ashore. Air transport has not been taken into account. The CTU packing guidelines published by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and International Labor Organization (ILO) of 02.05.1997 supersede any previously applicable container packing guidelines.


Drawing, cargo securing at front

Figure 1
Drawing, cargo securing in corrugation

Figure 2
Drawing, cargo securing at side

Figure 3



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Cargo securing components in the container


Component Cargo securing
Lashing bars on corner posts, on top and bottom side rails or lashing rings in the floor For fastening ropes, plastic strapping, steel strapping, rapid tensioners etc..
Corrugated steel side walls Transverse beams may be fitted into the corrugations to secure the cargo in the longitudinal direction.
Corner posts Capable of withstanding high point loads, e.g. due to shoring.
Wooden container floor Anchoring by lumber connectors, nailable, possibly with staples.

Table 1: Cargo securing components [46]


Drawing, components

Figure 4



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Cargo securing aids


Depending upon their purpose, various aids are available for securing cargoes in containers [46].

Purpose
Bracing and dissipating pressure Separating different cargoes
Securing cargo in sections Securing cargo to lashing points
Filling dead space Joining pallets, sleds and wooden battens
Loading in several layers Increasing friction




Purpose Stowage aid
Bracing and dissipating pressure Wooden beams
Planks
Squared lumber
Wooden dunnage
Boards
Stowage gratings
Empty pallets
Airbags
Empties
Intermediate floors and partitions




Purpose Stowage aid
Securing cargo in sections Wooden beams
Planks
Squared lumber
Wooden dunnage
Boards
Stowage gratings
Empty pallets
Airbags
Intermediate floors and partitions
Nets




Purpose Stowage aid
Filling dead space Wooden beams
Planks
Squared lumber
Wooden dunnage
Boards
Stowage gratings
Empty pallets
Airbags
Empties
Foam
Corrugated board
Used tires




Purpose Stowage aid
Loading in several layers Wooden beams
Planks
Squared lumber
Wooden dunnage
Boards
Stowage gratings
Intermediate floors and partitions




Purpose Stowage aid
Separating different cargoes Wooden beams
Planks
Squared lumber
Wooden dunnage
Boards
Stowage gratings
Empty pallets
Airbags
Empties
Intermediate floors and partitions




Purpose Stowage aid
Securing cargo to lashing points Nets
Ropes
Wire
Belts
Steel strapping
Plastic strapping
Chains
Nylon tape
Hercules
Rapid tensioners




Purpose Stowage aid
Joining pallets, sleds and wooden battens Lumber connectors




Purpose Stowage aid
Increasing friction Empties
Ropes
Plastic mats
Coconut fiber mats
Sacks
Rough paper
Nonslip spray
Rubber mats



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